霾已成为目前中国城市地区主要的空气污染现象,且近年来呈多发趋势。卫星遥感是获取大范围观测数据的必要手段,可对大气灰霾污染的分布区域及强度进行快速监测,弥补传统监测手段的不足。中国发射的环境小卫星(HJ-1)由于其高空间分辨率、较高的时间分辨率和宽覆盖等特点,在环境监测方面可发挥重要作用。本文在假设短时间内地表反射率稳定的基础上,用HJ-1 CCD影像蓝绿两个波段数据反演2013年1月北京市区灰霾天气的气溶胶光学厚度,对环境小卫星在灰霾天气的应用情况进行评价,并分析了高分辨率卫星遥感在灰霾监测中的可行性及优势。

Haze pollution becomes more and more frequent in urban regions of China. Compared to ground based measurement approaches, satellite remote sensing can obtain observation of haze in wide areas and monitor their distribution and intensity. The Chinese environmental satellites of HJ-1A and HJ-1B play important roles in atmosphere monitoring due to their high spatial resolution, high temporal resolution and wide swath. In this paper, aerosol optical depth during haze in January 2013 is retrieved using HJ-1 CCD blue and green bands based on the assumption of stable surface reflectance in a short period. Applications of HJ-1 CCD haze monitoring are also evaluated and feasibility and advantages of the high-resolution satellite are analyzed.