绿度空间是城市生态环境的重要组成部分,开展绿度环境效益评价研究可为城市环境精细化监管提供参考。本研究基于高分六号卫星数据,利用遥感技术对海南省典型城市绿度空间产生的热环境效益开展了综合评价。首先利用多尺度分割和随机森林算法将研究区植被划分为乔-灌-草三种类型,基于Pearson和地理探测器研究绿度景观格局与地表温度间的驱动因子特征,最后基于优选的因子指标采用层次分析法构建绿度空间环境效益评价指数(GEBI),评估了海口市和三亚市的绿度环境效益。结果表明：1) 海口市植被类型以灌木为主导,三亚市植被类型以草地及灌木为主导；2) 绿地降温效应与绿地面积与多样性、景观斑块形状与密度等因素相关,绿地景观越破碎和分散,斑块形状越不规则,绿地降温效应越差；3) 研究区GEBI均表现为高值区和低值区交错分布,海口市GEBI热点和冷点区域分布在北部,三亚市GEBI热点区域主要分布在西部和东南部,冷点区域范围较小。研究可识别绿度环境脆弱区和优势区,为推动城市绿色可持续发展提供方法范式。

Green space is an important component of the urban ecological environment, and conducting research on the evaluation of green environmental benefits can provide a reference for the refined supervision of urban environment. This study is based on the Gaofen-6 and Landsat satellites data and uses remote sensing technology to comprehensively evaluate the thermal environmental benefits generated by the green space of typical cities in Hainan Province. Firstly, multi-scale segmentation and random forest algorithm were used to divide the vegetation in the study area into three types: trees, shrubs, and grasses. Then, based on Pearson and geographic detectors, the driving factor characteristics between the green landscape pattern and surface temperature were studied. Finally, the Green Environment Benefit Index (GEBI) was constructed using the optimal factor indicators and Analytic Hierarchy Process to evaluate the green environmental benefits of Haikou and Sanya cities. The results show that: 1) shrubs are dominant in vegetation types in Haikou City, while grasslands and shrubs are dominant in vegetation types in Sanya City; 2) the cooling effect of green spaces is related to factors such as green area and diversity, landscape patch shape and density. The more fragmented and dispersed the green landscape, the more irregular the patch shape, and the worse the cooling effect of green spaces; 3) the GEBI in the research area shows a staggered distribution of high-value and low-value areas. The GEBI hotspots and cold spots in Haikou City are distributed in the north, while the GEBI hotspots in Sanya City are mainly distributed in the west and southeast, with a relatively small range of cold spots. Research can identify vulnerable and advantageous areas of green environment, providing a methodological paradigm for promoting green and sustainable development in cities.