SMAP和SMOS卫星均能提供L波段被动微波亮度温度观测数据，能够获取海冰厚度、海冰密集度和冰面积雪厚度等参数，在北极海冰监测中具有重要作用。本文以北极海洋区域为研究区域，选取2015 ~ 2020年SMAP L1B和SMOS L1C大气层顶表观亮度温度数据，研究SMAP固定入射角为40°的亮度温度和SMOS入射角为37.5° ~ 42.5°亮度温度均值之间的一致性，并分析了极化、海冰类型、季节对一致性的影响，以SMAP亮度温度为基准，采用线性公式逐月对SMOS数据进行定标并得到各月份交叉定标的斜率和截距，并对定标精度进行评估。研究结果表明：（1）SMAP亮度温度整体上低于SMOS亮度温度，水平和垂直极化分别低2.0 ~ 3.0 K和3.0 ~ 4.5 K，均方根误差分别为4.5 ~ 6.0 K和5.0 ~ 6.0 K；在冬季，多年冰区域的偏差和均方根误差最小，一年冰次之，开阔水域最大；在夏季，海冰的偏差和均方根误差与开阔水域相近。（2）交叉定标的斜率和截距具有明显的季节特征，且不同月份定标系数的年际变化较小，可以根据月份获取稳定的定标系数。（3）定标后SMOS的亮度温度与SMAP的亮度温度具有较好的一致性，水平和垂直极化均方根误差分别为4.4 K和3.8 K，较定标前显著下降；不同海冰类型的定标精度差异较大，多年冰定标精度最高，水平和垂直极化均方根误差分别为2.4 K和1.9 K，一年冰定标精度相对较低，水平和垂直极化均方根误差分别为4.5 K和3.9 K，并且海冰生长末期（1 ~ 4月）定标精度高于海冰生长初期（10 ~ 12月）。本文的结果可以用于SMAP和SMOS数据的交叉定标，获取长时间序列、辐射性能一致的亮度温度数据，用于北极海冰参数及其变化趋势的监测。

Soil Moisture Active Passive satellite (SMAP) and Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity satellite (SMOS) are two passive microwave radiometers that both operate at L band. They can be used to estimate sea ice parameters such as sea ice thickness, sea ice concentration and snow depth on sea ice, and thus play an important role in monitoring sea ice parameters and their changes in polar regions. A comprehensive comparison of the SMAP and SMOS brightness temperatures (TBs) is necessary, which can help to identify possible deficiencies in these TB products and construct a more consistent and reliable TB dataset for sea ice monitoring. In this study, the sea region north of 55°N in the Arctic was selected as the study area and the top of atmosphere (TOA) TB observations derived from SMAP L1B and SMOS L1C products were compared for the period of October 2015 to October 2020. Since SMAP measures at a fixed incidence angle of 40°, SMOS observations at incidence angles between 37.5° and 42.5° were averaged and compared with SMAP TBs. The discrepancy between SMAP and SMOS TBs was evaluated by computing Pearson correlation coefficient (r), bias (SMOS minus SMAP) and root mean squared deviation (RMSD). The dependence of discrepancies parameters on polarization, sea ice type and season was also investigated. Due to the higher radiometric accuracy of SMAP over SMOS, the SMAP observations were used as reference data and the SMOS TBs were calibrated using a linear regression method with the slope and intercept values being provided for each month. The RMSD values between calibrated SMOS and SMAP were evaluated at both polarizations for different sea ice types. Results indicate that brightness temperatures of SMAP are overall lower than those of SMOS, with bias being 2.0 – 3.0 K and 3.0 – 4.5 K for H and V polarizations, respectively, and RMSD being 4.5 – 6.0 K for H and 5.0 – 6.0 K for V. During wintertime (October to April), multi-year ice (MYI) has the lowest bias and RMSD values, followed by first-year ice (FYI), and open water (OW) has the highest bias and RMSD. During summertime (May to September), bias and RMSD values for sea ice are similar to those for the open water. The slope and intercept values for calibrating SMOS TBs show strong seasonal variation. However, their inter-annual variabilities for each month are small, making achieving averaged calibration coefficients for each month possible. The obtained slope and intercept values were used to calibrate SMOS TBs and it was found the calibrated SMOS agree well with SMAP, with RMSD overall being 4.4 K and 3.8 K for H and V polarization, respectively. However, different sea ice types have quite different RMSD values. While MYI has the lowest RMSD values, i.e., 2.4 K for H and 1.9 K for V, FYI has much higher RMSD values, 4.5 K and 3.9 K for H and V, respectively. It is also noticeable that the calibration accuracy at the end of the sea ice growth stage (January to April) is higher than that at the beginning of the sea ice growth stage (October to December). This study helps to better understand the discrepancy between SMAP and SMOS TB observations. The obtained calibration coefficients can be used to calibrate SMOS and contribute to the construct of a long time series L-band consistent brightness temperature dataset for Arctic sea ice monitoring.