在我国自然资源部水资源调查与确权登记的职能需求之下,面向我国“十四五”及二〇三五年远景卫星发展规划,亟需厘清水资源属性卫星遥感监测国内外发展现状,并进一步剖析我国卫星地表水资源监测能力。本文在对国内外多种类型卫星(包括光学、激光、雷达、重力、GNSS-R等)水资源监测能力及属性反演前沿技术(以地表固液态水的面积、水位、体积变化为主)进行总结分析的基础上,针对我国地表水资源卫星遥感监测的现状和不足,从观测体系、技术体系、产品体系和服务体系四个方面提出未来卫星遥感地表水资源监测规划设计建议。

Under the general goals of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China, the world-wide monitoring of land surface water by satellite remote sensing leaves to be overviewed and the corresponding ability of our country should also be clearly understood for the 14th five-year plan. Based on summarizing and analyzing the ability of water resources monitoring with various types of remote sensing satellites, including optical, laser, RADAR, and gravity satellites, this paper proposes suggested plans for water monitoring, concentrating on the current status and shortage of water resource monitoring with satellite remote sensing in China.