利用装载于美国国防卫星上的特种微波成像仪SSM/I资料和相应的气象台站观测地面和探空资料, 在微波辐射传输模拟分析的基础上, 对云南思茅的微波发射率特性的稳定性进行定量分析。分析结果表明, 中国云南思茅地区地表植被覆盖度较好, 地表微波发射率稳定。地表微波发射率有弱的正弦季节变化(变化幅度很小, 最大不超过0.02), 在1—4月有很小的年际变化(发射率最大差异约0.008), 这些在有地面和探空观测的情况下, 可以通过模式模拟得到跟踪订正。

The Microwave Temperature Sounder, the Microwave Humidity Sounder and the Microwave Radiation Imager were flown on the new-generation polar satellite FY-3A in China. The microwave sensors’ calibration after launch is a critical problem. Using the SSM/I data, and the surface and raob observations, the stability of microwave emissivity in Simao Yunnan is analyzed based on the microwave modeling in this article. The results show that its vegetation situation is very good, and the surface microwave emissivity is stable. The surface microwave emissivity has weak season-to-season variation in law of sines ( the changing range is less than 0.02 ). It also has very small year-to-year difference, which can be corrected by modeling based on the surface and raob observations.