将G IS相关认知活动分为类型分层、实体分层和地理实体的具体描述,并在此基础上对G IS数据元模型的结构进行描述。该数据元模型可以较好的实现地理数据不同层次的语义表达及数据间一定程度语义关系的表达,并有利于不同尺度地理分析和决策所需相关地理信息的高效提取。

It is necessary to integrate the theories and methods of commonsense geographical cognition with the data model and data organization of GIS in order to fully dig the potentials of analysis and decision-supporting of GIS in different fields. It helps to make the description and organization of geographical entity more acceptable, understandable and suitable for people's commonsense thinking methods and habits. In this paper, the commonsense cognition activities related to data model and organization of GIS is divided into three specific parts, categorization hierarchies, entity hierarchies and the detailed descriptions of geographical entities by way of analysis of geographical cognition process. On the basis of further analysis for relevant cognition activities, we create GIS Data Meta-model to guide the conceptual modeling and computational implementation. The GIS Data Meta-model not only overcomes the attribute-based defining semantics disadvantage of traditional GIS, but also realizes the semantic representation of geographical data of different levels and the representation of semantic relationships among different data through the mapping between Categorization tree and descriptions of geographical entities. It is feasible to extract the information effectively for the application of different scale' analysis and decision-support based on the inclusion relationship of entities between upper and lower levels and the combination relationship of same level entities.