该文研究了星载微波SSM/I对中国西北沙漠地区辐射亮度温度(T_B)遥感数据的辐射特征,给出了西北沙漠某些地区SSM/I各通道T_B1995年全年的变化,1993年和1996年37GHz垂直和水平极化两通道T_B的极化指数5月份全月平均值的空间分布及其差异值的比较。用大气辐射传输计算模拟了沙漠在SSM/I各通道上的T_B,其中包括大气水汽、地面粗糙、植被覆盖等参数的影响。为星载微波对沙漠遥感的辐射特征研究提供了一个分析方法和应用实例。

SSM/I data ovor the desert areas of China is studied. Temporal variations of the brightness temperatures T_B from SSM/I observations are presented. The polarization index of 37GHz channels is defined as an identification index to detect the desert distribution. Its spatial and temporal variations are discussed. The radiative transfer theory is used to simulate the T_B of desert area at SSM/I channels, which includes the effect of atmospheric water vapor, surface roughness, and vegetation coverage, etc. This analysis has developed an useful approach to the desert study in China.